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Understanding the structures and functions is essential to designing an antibody for a specific goal. Research into developing deep learning models which can help to predict these structures is a fascinating, ever-evolving topic. Deep learning is a subset of machine learning based on stacked artificial neural network layers, in which processing is used to extract […]

The development of therapeutic antibodies has been significantly enhanced by advancements in computational methods and artificial intelligence (AI). These technologies have streamlined the antibody discovery process, improving the ability to identify and optimize antibodies with high specificity and efficacy.   The Role of AI in Antibody Design  AI and machine learning are now central players

The production of antibodies for research and therapeutic purposes is a sophisticated field that combines biotechnology, immunology, and genetic engineering. This arena has seen remarkable advancements, shaping how diseases are treated and understood. Here are ten fascinating facts about this cutting-edge field.  1. Custom Antibody Generation  Scientists can create antibodies tailored to recognize specific proteins,

Vaccination is one of the most effective tools in preventing infectious diseases. At its core, the success of a vaccine hinges on its ability to induce a robust and lasting antibody response against a specific pathogen. Antibodies are integral to the adaptive immune response, providing specificity and memory that are essential for long-term immunity. Vaccines

Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cell therapy is a revolutionary cancer treatment in which engineered CARs redirect lymphocytes, typically T cells, to recognize and destroy cells expressing a specific target antigen. While not as commonly used as immune checkpoint inhibitors, they are now widely available and have demonstrated the same ability to eradicate advanced leukemias and

The Evolution of Antibody Characterization The field of antibody characterization has dramatically evolved from simple assays to sophisticated analytical technologies. Early methods like enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) provided basic understanding but lacked detailed molecular insights. As the complexity of biologics increased, the need for more advanced techniques became apparent to fully characterize therapeutic antibodies.  Traditional

VHH antibodies, also known as single-domain antibodies (sdAbs) or nanobodies, are a class of antibodies found in camels, llamas, alpacas, and other camelids. These unique molecules have revolutionized the field of antibody research due to their unique properties and potential applications for therapeutics.  Early Discoveries (1980s)  In 1989, the lab of Professor Raymond Hamers-Casterman at

Transgenic animals are organisms genetically modified to contain one or more foreign genes, known as transgenes, inserted into their genome. These transgenes can be introduced using various genetic engineering techniques, with the goal of conferring specific traits or characteristics onto the animal. In the context of antibody discovery and therapeutic development, transgenic animals can be

Muronomab-CD3, also known by its trade name Orthoclone OKT3, is historically significant as it was the first monoclonal antibody approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for use in humans in 1986, for the prevention of kidney transplant rejection. This groundbreaking development not only demonstrated the potential of mAbs in clinical practice but also set the foundation for future research and therapeutic strategies. 

Bispecific antibody-drug conjugates (bsADCs) are an emerging class of therapeutics that combine the dual-targeting capabilities of bispecific antibodies (bsAbs) with the potent cytotoxic action of antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs). This innovative, next-generation ADC approach aims to enhance the selectivity and efficacy of cancer treatments, offering new hope in the fight against complex malignancies. As of January 2024, there are 10 bsADCs in clinical trials, but none are approved fully yet.